Class 9th ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter 8 Five Kingdom Classification
Progress Check
Question 1.
Rearrange the following categories of animal grouping in a sequence starting from the highest downward to lowest.
Class ……………………
Phylum ………………..
Species ………………..
Genus ………………….
Kingdom ……………..
Answer:
Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Genus → Species
Question 2.
Tick-mark the features that characterise vertebrates.
(i) Dorsal nerve cord
(ii) Haemoglobin dissolved
(iii) Three or more pairs of limbs
(iv) A tail behind the level of anus
(v) Dorsal heart
Answer:
(i) (√) and (iv) (√)
Progress Check
Question 1.
Mention the name of the phylum against the following characteristics :
(i) No single mouth but numerous pores as water inlets. ……………..
(ii) Jointed appendages. …………………..
(iii) Unsegmented body with a protective calcareous shell. ………………..
(iv) Locomotion by tube feet. …………………..
(v) Long, cylindrical and unsegmented body. ………………….
(vi) Small flat unsegmented worms …………………..
Answer:
(i) Porifera
(ii) Arthropoda
(iii) Mollusca
(iv) Echinodermata
(v) Nematoda
(vi) Platyhelminthes
Question 2.
Name the phylum of each of the following invertebrates …………..
Animal – Phylum
(i) Leech …………………………
(ii) Hydra ……………………….
(iii) Tapeworm ……………….
(iv) Sea cucumber ……………….
(v) Sponge ……………………………
(vi) Roundworm …………………….
(vii) Scorpion …………………………..
(viii) Slug ………………………………..
(ix) Centipede …………………………..
(x) Butterfly ……………………………..
Answer:
Animal – Phylum
(i) Leech – Annelida
(ii) Hydra – Coelenterata.
(iii) Tapeworm – Platyhelminthes
(iv) Sea cucumber – Echinodermata.
(v) Sponge – Porifera.
(vi) Roundworm – Nematoda
(vii) Scorpion – Arachnida
(viii) Slug – Mollusca
(ix) Centipede – Myriapoda (Arthropoda)
(x) Butterfly – Insecta (Arthropoda)
Progress Check
Question 1.
Listed below are eleven characteristics (i-xi) in column I and the five classes (a-e) of Chordata in Column II. Match at least two characteristics with each class.
Column I (Characteristics) – Column II (Classes)
(i) Three chambered heart – (a) Pisces
(ii) Feathers – ………………
(iii) Two-chambered heart – …………………..
(iv) Eardrum in a pit – (b) Amphibia
(v) Scales – ……………………
(vi) External ears – ……………………
(vii) Gills – (c) Reptilia
(viii) Moist skin – …………………..
(ix) Horny scales on skin – ………………
(x) Homeothermal – (d) Aves
(xi) Testes in scrotum – …………………….
– …………………..
– ……………………
– (e) Mammalia
– …………………….
– ……………………
Answer:
(a) Pisces – (vii) Gills (iii) Two-chambered heart
(b) Amphibia – (i)Three-chambered heart (viii) Moist skin
(c) Reptilia – (iv) Eardrum in a pit (ix) Horny scales on skin
(d) Aves – (ii) feathers (x) Homeothermal
(e) Mammalia – (vi) External ears (xi) Testes in scrotum
Question 2.
Mention the class of vertebrate against each.
(i) Crocodile …………………
(ii) Penguin …………………..
(iii) Toad ………………………
(iv) Shark …………………..
(v) Whale ………………………
(vi) Bat
(vii)House lizard
Answer:
(i) Crocodile – Reptilia
(ii) Penguin – Aves
(iii)Toad – Amphibia
(iv) Shark – Pisces
(v) Whale – Mammalia
(vi) Bat – Mammalia
(vii) House-lizard – Reptilia
Review Questions
A. Multiple Choice Type :
Question 1.
The animals (Kingdom Animalia) are mainly grouped under two categories
(a) bilaterally symmetrical and radically symmetrical
(b) coelomate and acoelomate
(c) aquatic and terrestrial
(d) vertebrates and invertebrates
Answer:
(d) vertebrates and invertebrates
Question 2.
Which one of the following examples does not come under the particular group?
(a) Mushroom, yeast, fern – Fungi
(b) Paramecium, Euglena, sponge – Protista
(c) Starfish, CuWefish, Dogfish – Pisces
(d) Bat, Parrot, Oyster – Vertebrates
Answer:
(d) Bat, Parrot, Oyster Vertebrates
Question 3.
Which one of the following is an example of bionomial scientific name?
(a) Green alga
(b) Snow leopard
(c) Rana tigrina
(d) China-rose
Answer:
(c) Rana tigrina
Question 4.
Which one of the following is the correct statement about the respective animal(s)?
(a) Donkey and horse should be considered one single species because they can successfully mate and produce an offspring.
(b) Donkey and horse are two different genuses.
(c) Mule is a separate species.
(d) Mule is neither a donkey nor a horse.
Answer:
(d) Mule is neither a donkey nor a horse.
B. Very Short Answer Type
Question 1.
Who had introduced the binomial system of naming living beings?
Answer:
Carolus Linnaeus.
Question 2.
Which two characters out of (a)-(e) given below are common to dog, humans, squirrel, bat, camel and monkey.
(a) scales on the skin.
(b) wings.
(c) external ears.
(d) give birth to young ones.
(e) a functional tail.
Answer:
(c) external ears.
(d) give birth to young ones.
Question 3.
Match the items in Column I with as many as possible and even repeatedly from Column II.
| Column I |
Column II |
| 1. Pine | (i) Fungi |
| 2. Earthworm | (ii) Monera |
| 3. Bread mould | (iii) Prokaryote |
| 4. Amoeba | (iv) Gymnosperm |
| 5. Moss | (v) Plantae |
| 6. Bacteria | (vi) Animalia (vii) Protista (viii) Bryophyta |
Answer:
|
Column I |
Column II |
| 1. Pine | (iv) Gymnosperm |
| 2. Earthworm | (vi) Animalia |
| 3. Bread mould | (i) Fungi |
| 4. Amoeba | (vii) Protista |
| 5. Moss | (v) Plantae (viii) Bryophyta |
| 6. Bacteria | (ii) Monera (iii) Prokaryote |
C. Short Answer Type
Question 1.
Rearrange the following categories of classification in their proper sequence starting with the highest. species, family, genus, class, order, phylum.
Answer:
Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
Question 2.
Give the scientific names of man, domestic cat, and peepal tree.
Answer:
Man → Homo sapiens
Domestic cat → Felis domesticus
Peepal tree → ficus religiosa
Question 3.
Why are scientific names of living beings considered better than their common names?
Answer:
In science, people from different countries with different languages have to read about each other’s research. So, it was found necessary to eliminate any possible confusion in using local names by substituting them with names, specially given in scientific language.
Question 4.
Mention any two drawbacks in classifying organisms under the old two kingdom classification.
Answer:
The entire living organisms of the world were divided into two kingdoms by Linnaeus (1707-1778)
(1) Kingdom Plantae
(2) Kingdom Animalia.
This type of classification has drawbacks as under :
1. Bacteria and Fungi were kept in the kingdom plantae. These organisms have no chlorophyll and do not carry out photosynthesis. Bacteria have no definite nucleus. It has no nuclear membrane and no distinct chromosomes. So bacteria are kept in the kingdom Monera.
Fungi in the kingdom fungi.
2. Bread moulds are multicellular. But they have no roots stems, and leaves and flowers so these are better kept in a separate kingdom called Fungi. So it is essential to divide the living organisms into the following five kingdoms.
- Monera :
- Protista : Bacteria, unicellular algae.
- Fungi : Agarics, Yeast, Penicillium, Bread Moulds.
- Plantae : Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Angiosperms.
- Animalia : Multicellular, Eukaryotic and Heterotrophic.
Major groups of Animals :
- Porifera
- Cnidaria
- Platyhelminthes
- Nemathelminthes
- Annelida
- Arthropoda
- Mollusca
- Echinodermata
- Chordata
Question 5.
All human on earth today may differ widely in their facial features, colour, height, etc., Yet, they belong to a single species Homo sapiens. Give one reason why they are not considered belonging to different species.
Answer:
Homo sapiens are not considered into different species because they can successfully breed among themselves.
Question 6.
Rewrite the following scientific names correctly. ficus religiosa (peepal), zea Mays (maize), Bombyx Mori (silk moth).
Answer:
Ficus religiosa (peepal)
Zea mays (maize)
Bombyx mori (silk moth)
Question 7.
Name the five kingdoms according to the new classification.
Answer:
- Kingdom Monera,
- Kingdom Protista,
- Kingdom Fungi,
- Kingdom Plantae,
- Kingdom Animalia.
Question 8.
What are the group names of the following categories of animals?
(a) Animals with a backbone …………………..
(b) Animals with hairy skin ………………..
(c) Animals with three pairs of legs ……………..
(d) Animals with feathers ……………….
Answer:
(a) Vertebrates
(b) Mammalia
(c) Insecta
(d) Aves.
Question 9.
Which ones of the following animals are invertebrates? Housefly, silverfish, trout, jellyfish, whale, penguin, lizard, sponge.
Answer:
Sponge, housefly, silverfish.
Question 10.
Give any one difference between each of the following :
(a) Protozoa and Metazoa,
(b) Vertebrate and Invertebrate,
(c) Insecta and Arachnida,
(d) Flatworm and Roundworm,
Answer:
(a) Protozoa
Unicellular animals.
Metazoa
Multicellular with formation of tissues and organ.
(b) Vertebrate
Animal which have some kind of backbone.
Invertebrate
No backbone.
(c) Insecta
Three pairs of legs.
Arachnida
Four pairs of legs.
(d) Flatworm
Alimentary canal has only one opening i.e. mouth.
Roundworm
Alimentary canal has two openings i.e. mouth and anus.
Question 11.
Given below is a list of ten animals each followed by three terms or features. Underline the term which does not match with the animal.
(i) Amoeba – Nucleus, tentacle, food vacuole.
(ii) Hydra – Invertebrata, Cnidaria, Crustacea.
(iii) Fish – Gills, paired fins, ear drum
(iv) Earthworm – Invertebrata, Annelida, Insecta.
(v Grasshopper – Wings, trachea, proboscis.
(vi) Butterfly – Insecta, Invertebrata, Mollusca.
(vii) Whale – Gills, mammary glands, fat under the skin.
(viii) Pigeon – Feathers, wings, hair.
(ix) Monkey – External ear, sweat glands, lateral line.
(x) Bat – Aves, Mammalia,-Chordata.
Answer:
(i) Amoeba – Tentacle
(ii) Hydra – Crustacea
(iii) Fish – Ear drum ,
(iv) Earthworm – Insecta
(v) Grasshopper – Trachea
(vi) Butterfly – Mollusca
(vii) whale – Fat under the skin
(viii) Pigeon – Hair
(ix) Monkey – Lateral line
(x) Bat – Aves
Question 12.
Explain the meaning of the terms ‘cold-blooded’ ‘warm-blooded,’
Answer:
‘Warm-blooded’ or homeothermal are those animals and Aves which maintain an almost constant, relatively high- blood temperature irrespective of the temperature of the environment outside.
‘Cold-blooded’ are those animals which cannot maintain constant body temperature, their body-temperature is influenced by external environment.
Question 13.
Name three animals (belonging to different classes) which breathe by means of lungs but have no external ears , (pinnae).
Answer:
Frog, Snake, Pigeon, Platypus.
D. Long Answer Type
Question 1.
Mentibn any one major similarity and one major difference in the following pairs of animals :
(a) insects and birds
(b) whales and fishes
(c) snakes and earthworms
(d) bat and pigeon
(e) cuttlefish and dogfish
(f) wall lizard and frog
Answer:
| Pair | Similarity |
Difference |
| insects and birds whales and fishes | two pair of wings breathe through gills | insects are invertebrates. whales give birth to young ones. |
| snakes and earthworms bat and pigeon cuttlefish and dogfish | both lay eggs. both breathe via lungs Both have two- | snake has lungs. bats have external ears. dogfish is cartilaginous chambered heart
|
| wall-lizard and frog | both are cold-blooded | wall-lizards breathe by means of lungs right from birth whereas, in frog, early stages breathe by means of gills. |
Question 2.
Match the names of animal groups in Column I with the names of animals in Column II.
|
Column I (Group) |
Column II (Animal) |
| Annelida | Pigeon |
| Porifera | Snake |
| Mollusca | Earthworm |
| Reptilia | Sponge |
| Amphihia | Octopus |
| Pisces | Trout |
| Mammal | Rabbit |
Which names are left out that do not match and why?
Answer:
Annelida – Earthworm
Porifera – Sponge
Mollusca – Octopus
Reptilia – Snake
Pisces – Trout
Mammal – Rabbit
Amphibia and Pigeon are left out and they do not match.
Pigeon :
It comes under the class Aves (Birds), which lay eggs, forelimbs in the form of wings and have four chambered heart as parrot, crow, sparrows, pigeon etc.
Amphibia :
Frogs, salamender toads come under the class of Amphibia. They have 2 pairs of limbs 3 chambered heart. They have slimy skin, gills.
E. Structured / Application / Skill Type
Tyrannosaurus
(One of the extinct animals which lived on the Earth about 100,000,000 years back)
Tyrannosaurus was about 6 meters long and it preyed upon other animals. What do you think about its classification – was it an amphibian, a reptile or a mammal?
Can you call it a relative of Kangaroo?
Yes/No
Give reason ………………….
Answer:
No it is not a relative of Kangaroo as Kangaroo is a mammal and Tyrannosaurus is a reptile.
(1) It is reptile its body has scales which may be horny.
(2) It lays eggs which are having leathery shell.
(3) It is one of the dinosaurs which moved on the earth. These ruled the earth. Some were vegetarian others non-vegetarian and Archaeopteryx is the link between the reptiles and the birds. Its fossil has been found. They vanished from the earth due to ice-age.
(4) They had three charpbered heart as ventricles is partially divided.
(5) They were cold blooded ariimals.
ICSE Class 9 Biology Solutions