Class 9th ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter 1 Introducing Biology
Progress Check
Question 1.
Name the Specific branches of Biology concerned with the study of :-
(i) Fungi …………..
(ii) Fishes …………..
(iii) Insects ………………..
(iv) Transmission of body characteristics from parents to children ………………
Answer:
(i) Fungi – Mycology
(ii) Fishes – Ichthyology
(iii) Insects – Entomology
(iv) Transmission of body characteristics from parents to children – Genetics.
Question 2.
Mention the kind of study made under the following branches of science.
(i) Histology ………………..
(ii) Ecology …………………
(iii) Cytology ……………..
(iv) Pathology ……………….
Answer:
(i) Histology -The study of minute structure of body as seen with the help of a microscope.
(ii) Ecology – The study of relationship of an organism to both its living and non-living environment.
(iii) Cytology – The study of structure and function of animal and plant cells.
(iv) Pathology – The study of diseases of plants and animals.
Review Questions
A. Multiple Choice Type
Question 1.
Choose the most appropriate option in the following statements.
(a) Palaeontology is the Study of
(i) embryos
(ii) blood
(iii) classification
(iv) fossils
Answer:
(iv) Fossils
(b) Clones of animals are being produced through the practice of-
(i) genetics
(ii) ecology
(iii) embryology
(iv) biotechnology
Answer:
(iv) Biotechnology
B. Very Short Answer Type
Question 1.
Name the following branches of biology
(a) Application of biological processes in technologies.
(b) Science of growing fruits and vegetables.
(c) Study of prehistoric forms of life.
(d) Study of causes of immunity (resistance to or defence against diseases).
(e) Study of fishes.
Answer:
(a) Biotechnology,
(b) Horticulture,
(c) Palaeontology,
(d) Immunology,
(e) Ichthyology.
Question 2.
Fill in the blanks :
(a) Bioengineering deals with making artificial ……………….
(b) …………….. is the entire DNA sequence of an organ.
(c) Silk is produced by rearing ………………..
(d) Evolution deals with study of …………… and ……………… of “ organisms.
(e) Organisms which draw food from host body are called ……………….
(f) Animals which give birth to young ones are known as.
(g) ……………. is called the Father of Medicine.
Answer:
(a) limbs, joints,
(b) Genome,
(c) Silkworms,
(d) origin, descent,
(e) Parasite
(f) viviparous
(g) Hippocrates.
Question 3.
Match the branches of biology in Column A with the respective areas of study in Column B.
|
Column A |
Column B |
| (i) Ichthyology | Viruses |
| (ii) Ornithology | Fishes |
| (iii) Ecology | Birds |
| (iv) Virology | Cells |
| (v) Herpetology | Diseases |
| (Vi) Palaeontology | Fossils |
| (Vii) Cytology | Snakes |
| (viii) Pathology | Environment |
Answer:
|
Column A |
Column B |
| (i) Ichthyology | Fishes |
| (ii) Ornithology | Birds |
| (iii) Ecology | Environment |
| (iv) Virology | Viruses |
| (v) Herpetology | Snakes |
| (Vi) Palaeontology | Fossils |
| (Vii) Cytology | Cells |
| (viii) Pathology | Diseases |
Question 4.
Name any two borderline sciences which are connected with Biology.
Answer:
- Ecology
- Genetics.
Question 5.
Name the respective sub-divisions of Biology which deal with the study of insects, birds, fungi and heredity.
Answer:
- Insects – Entomology,
- Birds – Ornithology,
- Fungi – Mycology,
- Heredity – Genetics.
Question 6.
Name some professions other than medicine which require a basic knowledge of Biology.
Answer:
Dentist, Biotechnologist, Pathologist, Bacteriologist.
C. Short Answer Type
Question 1.
What is Biology and when did it begin?
Answer:
Biology is the study of living beings, all plants and animals including humans. Biology’s roots can be traced back to pre-historic periods when primitive man lived in jungles and caves.
Question 2.
How does Biology help us is leading a healthier life?
Answer:
Biology has helped us to understand the causes of many diseases. It has shown us how germs are spread by certain agents such as insects, wind or water. This knowledge ‘ helps us to take, proper care of our health and live longer.
Question 3.
A farmer and a housewife may have never studied biology, yet both of them know some of its general principles through experience. State any two principles which they know.
Answer:
A farmer, although does not study biology, but he knows by his experience, how to increase his produce. He, by the way of cross-breeding and removing weak and unwanted plant and cultivating improved varieties at right time, benefited a lot.
Similarly, a housewife by using her experiences knows which fruit or vegetable can befitted for how much time and also the nutrient value of the food. Also, by taming „ some useful animals such as cow, goat and dog. etc. all * she learns from her experience.
Question 4.
Distinguish between the following pairs of sciences:
(a) Zoology and Entomology
(b) Genetics and Embryology
(c) Botany and Mycology
(d) Space Biology and Exobiology
(e) Biotechnology and Bioinformatics
Answer:
(a) Zoology – It is the study of animals.
Entomology – It is the study of insects.
(b) Genetics – The science of transmission of body characteristics from parents to offspring.
Embryology – The study of the formation and development of embryo of plants and animals.
(c) Botany – The study of plants.
Mycology – The study of fungi.
(d) Space Biology – The study of survival problems of living things in outer space.
Exobiology – One of the newest sciences, which contemplates to study life elsewhere in the universe.
(e) Biotechnology – Area of study which deals with production of biogas from organic wastes or production of insulin through bacteria by inserting the concerned human gene into the bacteria cells.
Bioinformatics – Deals with techniques like making of artificial limbs, joints and other parts of the body from plastic or metals, etc.
Question 5.
Name any three areas of biology which have specially progressed in the twentieth century.
Answer:
- Molecular Biology
- Nuclear Biology
- Biotechnology.
D. Long Answer Type
Question 1.
Do you think Biology can help in further increasing the yield of food? If so, how?
Answer:
New varieties of plants and new breeds of cattle, poultry etc. are being developed with the knowledge of Biology. This science has also increased our knowledge of diseases of plants and animals and how to cure them. All these efforts are helping us to produce more food in fields, dairies and poultry farms.
ICSE Class 9 Biology Solutions