ML Aggarwal Class 8 Solutions for ICSE Maths Chapter 7 Percentage Objective Type Questions
Mental Maths
Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:
(i) Percentage is the numerator of a fraction with denominator …………..
(ii) 15% of ………….. is 135.
(iii) \(\frac{3}{4}\) = ………..%
(iv) 50 paise = ………….. % of 8 rupees.
(v) A shopkeeper earns a profit if S.P. is ………….. than C.P.
(vi) Loss or profit % is always calculated on ………….. price.
(vii) The additional expenses on transportation, labour, repairing etc. are called …………..expenses.
(viii)Amount deducted from the marked price of an article is called ……..
(ix) Discount = Marked price – ………….. price.
(x) These days, sales tax is known as …………..
Solution:
(i) Percentage is the numerator of a fraction with denominator 100.
(v) A shopkeeper earns a profit if S.P. is more than C.P.
(vi) Loss or profit % is always calculated on cost price.
(vii) The additional expenses on transportation, labour, repairing etc.
are called overheads expenses.
(viii)Amount deducted from the marked price of an article is called discount.
(ix) Discount = Marked price – selling price.
(x) These days, sales tax is known as VAT.
Question 2.
State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):
(i) Discount is always calculated on marked price.
(ii) Two successive discounts of 20% and 20% are equivalent to single discount of 40%.
(iii) Overheads are always added to the original cost to get the total cost.
(iv) If S.P. is less than C.P. then shopkeeper suffers a loss.
(v) Sales tax is always calculated on selling price.
Solution:
(i) Discount is always calculated on the marked price. True
(ii) Two successive discounts of 20% and 20%
are equivalent to a single discount of 40%. False
Correct:
It will be 20 + \(\frac{20 \times 80}{100}\) = 20 + 16 = 36%
(iii) Overheads are always added to the original cost to get the total cost. True
(iv) If S.P. is less than C.P. then shopkeeper suffers a loss. True
(v) Sales tax is always calculated on selling price. True
Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct answer from the given four options (3 to 18):
Question 3.
\(3 \frac{1}{8}\) % of 75 kg is equal to
Solution:
\(3 \frac{1}{8}\)% of 75 kg ⇒ \(\frac{25}{8}\)% of 75
= \(\frac{75 \times 25}{8 \times 100}=\frac{75}{32} \mathrm{kg}\)
\(3 \frac{11}{32}\) kg
Question 4.
\(2 \frac{1}{12}\) is equivalent to
Solution:
Question 5.
\(1 \frac{11}{16}\) is equivalent to
(a) 168.75%
(b) 169.75%
(c) 170.75%
(d) 167.75%
Solution:
Question 6.
21 : 80 is equivalent to
(a) 26%
(b) 26.50%
(c) 26.75%
(d) 26.25%
Solution:
21 : 80= \(\frac{21}{80}\) × 100 = \(\frac{105}{4}\) = 26.25% (d)
Question 7.
If 5% of a number is 42, then the number is
(a) 800
(b) 820
(c) 840
(d) 860
Solution:
5% a number = 42
∴ Number = \(\frac{42}{5 \%}=\frac{42 \times 100}{5}\) = 840 (c)
Question 8.
What % of 150 is 30?
(a) 50%
(b) 10%
(c) 15%
(d) 20%
Solution:
Let x% of 150 = 30
Question 9.
A number increased by 25% gives 155. The number is
(a) 132
(b) 128
(c) 124
(d) 120
Solution:
Increase in a number = 25%
Let number be = x, then
∴ Number = 124 (c)
Question 10.
Naman buys a game for ₹60 and sells it for ₹75, his profit % is
(a) 15%
(b) 20%
(c) 25%
(d) 30%
Solution:
C.P. of an article = ₹60 and S.P. = ₹75
Proit = S.P. – C.P. = ₹75 – ₹60 = ₹15
% profit = \(\frac{15 \times 100}{60}\) = 25% (c)
Question 11.
Cost price of a watch is ₹680. If Rishabh sells it at a profit of 35%, then S.P. is
(a) ₹918
(b) ₹919
(c) ₹920
(d) ₹921
Solution:
C.P. of an article = ₹680
Profit = 35%
Question 12.
On selling an article for ₹ 150, Renu gains ₹30. Her gain percentage is
(a) 15%
(b) 20%
(c) 25%
(d) 30%
Solution:
S.P. of an article = ₹150
Profit = ₹30
∴ C.P. = S.P. – Profit = ₹150 – ₹30 = ₹120
Profit % = \(\frac{30 \times 100}{120}\) (Profit % = \(\frac { Gain\times 100 }{ C.P. } \))
= 25% (c)
Question 13.
If the cost price of 5 articles is equal to the selling price of 6 articles, then there is
(a) gain
(b) loss
(c) no gain no loss
(d) none of these
Solution:
C.P. of 5 articles = S.P. of 6 articles = 100 (suppose)
∴ C.P. of 1 article = \(\frac{100}{5}\) = ₹20
S.P. of 1 article = \(\frac{100}{6}\) = ₹ \(\frac{50}{3}\)
∴ Loss = C.P. – S.P. = 20 – \(\frac{50}{3}\)
= \(\frac{60-50}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\) (b)
Question 14.
Marked price of an article is ₹675. If it is sold at a discount of 20%, then S.P. is
(a) ₹540
(b) ₹525
(c) ₹510
(d) ₹500
Solution:
M.P. of an article = ₹675
Discount = 20%
Question 15.
A jacket is marked for ₹2590. If the S.P. of the jacket is ₹2331, then discount % is
(a) 5%
(b) 10%
(c) 15%
(d) 20%
Solution:
M.P. of jacket = ₹2590
S.P. of jacket = ₹2331
∴ Discount = M.P. – S.P. = ₹2590 – ₹2331
Discount % = \(\frac{259 \times 100}{\mathrm{M.P.}}=\frac{259 \times 100}{2590}\) = 10% (b)
Question 16.
Marked price of a showpiece is ₹950. S.P. of showpiece after two successive discounts of 10% and 10% is
(a) ₹ 769.50
(b) ₹ 760
(c) ₹ 855
(d) None of these.
Solution:
M.P. of a showpiece = ₹950
Two successive discounts = 10% and 10%
Question 17.
S.P. of a video game is ₹749 including 7% VAT. The original price of video game is
(a) ₹801.43
(b) ₹742
(c) ₹700
(d) None of these
Solution:
S.P. of a video game including VAT = ₹749
Rate of VAT = 7%
Original price = \(\frac{749 \times 100}{100+7}\) = ₹ \(\frac{749 \times 100}{107}\) = ₹700 (c)
Question 18.
List price of an article is ₹1050. If 6% sales tax is charged, then bill amount is
(a) ₹1056
(b) ₹1113
(c) ₹1131
(d) ₹1311
Solution:
List price of an article = ₹1050
S.T. = 6%
The amount of the bill =₹ \(\frac{1050 \times(100+6)}{100}\)
= ₹ \(\frac{1050 \times 106}{100}\) = ₹1113 (b)
Value Based Questions
Question 1.
Out of 500 students in a school, 60% of students read Hindi Newspaper, 30% of students read English Newspaper and remaining students do not read any newspaper. Find
(i) What % of students do not read any newspaper?
(ii) Number of students who read Hindi newspaper.
(iii) Number of students who read English newspaper.
Is reading newspaper a good habit? What are the advantages of reading newspaper?
Solution:
Total number of students = 500
No. of students who read Hindi newspaper
= 60% of 500 = \(\frac{60}{100}\) × 600 = 300
and No. of students who read English newspaper
= \(\frac{30}{100}\) × 500= 150
(i) ∴ Remaining students who do not read any paper
= 500 – (300 + 150) = 500 – 450 = 50
Percentage = \(\frac{50 \times 100}{500}\) = 10%
(ii) No. of students who read Hindi newspaper = 300
(iii) Number of students who read English newspaper =150
Reading a newspaper is a good habit. It increases the knowledge.
Question 2.
In an exam atleast 35% marks are required to pass the exam. Ramesh uses unfair means and tries to pass the exam but fails by 15 marks. If he scored 160 marks, find the maximum marks.
Is using unfair means in exam is good? Why should we not use unfair means?
Solution:
In an examination pass marks = 35%
Ramesh got 160 marks but fails by 15 marks
∴ Pass marks = 160 + 15 = 175
∴ 35% of total marks =175
∴ Total marks = \(\frac{175 \times 100}{35}\) = 500
Cheating and using unfair means in the examination is not good.
It ruins the life of students.
Question 3.
A shopkeeper was involved in tax evasion. To save slaes tax he never give receipts to his customers. He sold an article for ₹550 including 10% VAT. Find the amount of VAT not paid by him to the Government. Is tax evasion correct? Why should we pay tax? What measures should we adopt to stop tax evasions?
Solution:
S.P. of an article (including VAT) = ₹500
Rate of VAT = 10%
Original price of the article = ₹ \(\frac{550 \times 100}{100+10}\)
= ₹ \(\frac{550 \times 100}{110}\) = ₹500
VAT = ₹550 – ₹500 = ₹50
Not paying tax to the government is ruins the economy of the country or state.
So, we should pay the tax to the government honestly and properly.
Higher Order Thinking Skills (Hots)
Question 1.
Marked price of an article is ₹2860 and rate of VAT is 8%. Shopkeeper allows a discount of 20% and still makes a profit of 10%. If he spent 4% as overheads, then find the original cost price of the article and final selling price including VAT.
Solution:
Marked price of an article = ₹2860
Rate of VAT = 8%
Discount = 20%
