ICSE Geography Class 10 Question Bank Chapter 14 Manufacturing Industries in India 2: Mineral-based

Questions Based on Manufacturing Industries in India-II

I. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Which is the largest mineral-based industry in India? Why is it called a key industry?
Answer:
The largest mineral-based industry in India is Iron and Steel Industry.
It is called a key industry and basic industry, because of providing iron and steel products for house-building, utensils, machineries for each and every industry from pin to heavy machineries. So, it is the root of every industry, as every industry needs machinery and tools which are made of iron and steel.

Question 2.
Name the basic raw materials used in iron and steel industry.
Answer:
The basic raw materials used in iron and steel industry are iron ore, manganese, limestone, silica, chromate, feldspar, scrap iron, flux and fuel.

Question 3.
Name four large-scale industries dependent on iron and steel industry.
Answer:
Four large-scale industries dependent on iron and steel industry:

  1. Automobile industry,
  2. Ship Building industry,
  3. Machine tool industry, and
  4. Railway Locomotive industry.

Question 4.
List the three basic steps involved in steel making.
Answer:
Iron ore is always found with some impurities like sulphur, silica,
phosphorus, lime, etc. So the impurities have to be removed to get pure iron ore used for making steel.The following process is used for converting iron ore into steel:

  • Ore Reduction:
    The process of ore reduction is carried out in a blast furnace where the ore and coke are fed continuously from the tap. Small quantities of limestone and dolomite are located on the confluence of the rivers Subamarekha and Kharkai.
  • Being densely populated region, cheap labour is available.

Question 5.
What two advantages do the Vishakhapatnam Steel Plant have over the other Steel Plants in the public sector?
Answer:
Two advantages of Vishakhapatnam Steel Plant, over the other Steel Plant are:

  1. It is a major export oriented steel plant and takes full advantage of its coastal location.
  2. It is the second largest producer of iron and steel in the country.

Question 6.
The following plants were set up with foriegn collaboration. Name the foreign countries concerned:
(i) Bhilai
(ii) Rourkela
(iii) Visvesvaraya
(iv) Durgapur
(v) Bokaro
Answer:
The foreign countries associated with the iron and steel plant at given places are as follows:

  • Bhilai – Former Soviet Union.
  • Rourkela-Germany.
  • Peri and Mashall Co. of the USA.
  • Durgapur – Britain, Germany and former Soviet Union.
  • Bokaro -Former Soviet Union, now as the Russian Federation.

Question 7.
Why is the iron and steel industry concentrated in the Chotanagpur region? Which is the oldest and privately owned Steel plant?
Answer:
This industry is concentrated in die Chotanagpur region because of the following factors:

  • Availability of coal from Damodar Valley.
  • Availability of iron ore from Singhbhum and other mines.
  • Cheap hydro and thermal power from large multipurpose projects on river Damodar and river Mahanadi.
  • Cheap labour supply from highly populated areas of Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal.
  • Proximity to the Kolkata region market.
  • Facility of import and export of the raw material and finished goods provided by Kolkata port.
  • Excellent communication facilities by rail and roads to Kolkata region.
    Tata Iron and Steel Company is the oldest and privately owned plant.

Question 8.
From where does the integrated steel plant at Bhilai get its requirement of iron and coal?
Answer:
Iron ore- Dalli- Rajhara range.
Coal-Korba (Chhattisgarh), Bokaro (Jharkhand), Jharia.

Question 9.
What are petrochemicals?
Answer:
Petrochemicals are organic chemicals derived from Petroleum, LPG and coal.

Question 10.
Why are traditional raw materials being replaced by petrochemical products?
Answer:
Petrochemical products are cost-effective, economically stable, cheaper as produced on a mass scale. Their raw materials are easily available, not dependent on agricultural raw material. For this reason, traditional raw materials such as wood, glass and metals are being replaced by petrochemical products.

Question 11.
Name any two products made from petrochemicals.
Answer:
Products made from petro chemicals are:

  • Synthetic fibres
  • Synthetic rubber
  • Plastic
  • Drugs
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Fertilizers
  • Pesticides
  • Adhesives
  • Printing inks

Question 12.
Why has the electronics industry grown in importance?
Answer:
a. Indian electronics industry is contributing a lot to space technology. India has launched several indigenously built satellites including APPLE, INSAT-1 series and INSAT-2 series.
The remote sensing programme of the Indian Remote Sensing Organisation at Hyderabad has also gained a lot from this industry.

b. In addition to making a commendable contribution to telecom services, electronics industry has revolutionised paging and cellular telecom deliveries and above all, the use of state of the art technologies in software industry.

Question 13.
What industrial product are the following centres noted for?
(i) Gurgaon
(ii) Perambur
(iii) Chittaranjan
Answer:

  • Gurgaon: Gurgaon is noted for Maruti Udyog Ltd.
  • Perambur: Railway coaches are manufactured.
  • Chittaranjan: Railway Engine.

Question 14.
Which iron and steel industry of India is located away from the main coal areas? What is the main source of energy in the absence of coal?
Answer:
Salem Steel Plant-from wood.

Question 15.
Regarding the Bokaro Steel Plant, from where does it get its (a) coal (b) iron ore (c) water supply?
Answer:
(a) Bokaro and Jharia coal fields.
(b) Kiriburu mines in Keonjhar (Odisha)
(c) From a reservoir across the river Damodar.

Question 16.
From where does the Chittaranjan Locomotive industry get its coal and iron-ore?
Answer:
The Chittaranjan Locomotive industry get its coal from Jharia and Raniganj coalfields and iron-ore from the Chhota Nagpur Plateau.

Question 17.
List any two factors that favour location of ship building industry?
Answer:
The factors that favour the location of ship building industry are:

  • Ship building industry is a heavy industry which requires bulky raw materials, therefore, it has to be located near the source of raw materials.
  • It is a sophisticated industry which requires highly skilled labour force.
  • Deep waters which could be used for navigation, either on the coast or in a river.
  • A huge tract of level land.

Question 18.
Where is the Integral Coach Factory located? What does it manufacture?
Answer:
The Integral Coach Factory is located at Perambur near Chennai. It manufactures railway coaches.

Question 19.
Why are the port cities given preference for automobile industry?
Answer:
Firstly, the carrying cost from the part of the imported finished and modernised parts of the automobile is virtually zero near to the part-based industries. As well as, in regards of export, it depicts the same thing by sending the order towards the concerning importing country in an easier access.
Secondly, the sea nearby climate is also useful for manufacturing of automobiles.

Question 20.
Name the centers of ship building plants.
Answer:
Two centres of ship building plants are:

  1. The Hindustan Shipyard, Vishakhapatnam, and
  2. The Cochin Shipyard, Kochi

Question 21.
When and where was the first aircraft industry set-up?
Answer:
The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited was the first aircraft industry set-up in 1964 at Bangalore.

Question 22.
What are the main requirements needed for setting up a heavy engineering industry?
Answer:
The main requirements needed for setting up a heavy engineering industry are:

  • the Bulky raw materials,
  • a large capital investment,
  • the abundant power supply,
  • the good transport facilities, and
  • the adequate labour supply.

Question 23.
Name two heavy engineering industries in India.
Answer:
Two heavy engineering industries in India are:

  1. Heavy Engineering Corporation of India, Ranchi
  2. The Hindustan Machine Tools (HMT).

Question 24.
When and where was the machine tool industry started?
Answer:
The machine tool industry was started in 1953 at Bangalore.

Question 25.
What are the basic requirements of the automobile industry?
Answer:
There are four basic requirements of the automobile industry:

  1. Engineering raw material like iron, steel, leather or paint etc.
  2. Tools, machinery and other facilities in order to run and maintain the factory.
  3. Finished goods such as plastic parts, tyres, tubes and batteries etc.
  4. Coal and hydropower.

Question 26.
Mention two reasons for the development of the petrochemical industry in India.
Answer:

  • These products are cost effective.
  • These are cheaper as compared to traditional products.
  • Its row material is easily available.

Question 27.
Give two geographical reasons for the growth of IT industries in Bangalore.
Answer:
Nearness to the port.

Question 28.
Name a town in Karnataka noted for its iron and steel industry.
Answer:
Bhadravati in Karnataka is noted for its iron and steel industry.

II. Give reason for each of the following questions:

Questions
(a) Mini steel plants causes less pollution than integragted steel plants.
(b) The electronic industry has made an impact on both entertainment and education.
(c) Vishakhapatnam is a leding centre for ship-building.
Answer:
(a) Because Mini Steel plants use electric furnace for processing.

(b) The electronic industry has made possible wonders in areas of communication, information technology and computer system.

(c) Vishakhapatnam has a large space harbour, highly skilled labour force, deep waters, easily available raw materials.

III. Structured Questions:

Question 1.
With reference to the Iron and Steel plant located at Jamshedpur, answer the following questions:
(a) From where does the plant get its iron ore?
(b) Which river provides water to the township?
(c) (i) Name the states that provide its labour force.
(ii) What is its source of power supply?
(iii) Is it an eco-friendly source? Give reasons to support your answer.
(d) (i) Name the main market of this plants.
(ii) Which seaport serves the region?
(iii) How are the products transported to this port?
Answer:
(a) Iron and Steel plant of Jamshedpur gets its iron ore from the districts of Singhbhum, Mayurbhanj, and Bonai in Orissa.

(b) It gets its water from the river Subamarekha.

(c) (i) Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh States supply labour.
(ii) Coal is the main source of power for this plant.
(iii) It is not an eco-friendly source as consumption of coal creates a lot of pollution in environment.

(d) (i) The plant is located at a distance of 240 km from Kolkata which is not only an important market for the consumption of iron and steel goods but also has facilities for export of finished goods.
(ii) Kolkata port serves the entire region.
(iii) The movement of raw materials and finished products is facilitated by the Eastern Railways.

Question 2.
With reference to the Iron and Steel Industry briefly answer the following questions:
(a) Name two industrial towns which are connected with the production of Iron and steel.
Answer:
Durgapur (west Bengal) is remarkable for best quality pig iron. Jamshedpur (IISCO) (Jharkhand) is famous for export quality steel.

(b) State the difficulties experienced by the iron and steel industry in India?
Answer:
Problems related to Iron and Steel industry are:

  • Iron ore concentrated in Chotta Nagpur
  • Transportation problems
  • Pollution

(c) Give four reasons why the iron and steel industry is concentrated largely in the Chhotanagpur belt?
Answer:
This industry is concentrated in the Chhotanagpur region because of the following factors:

  • Availability of coal from Damodar Valley.
  • Availability of iron-ore from Singhbhum and other mines.
  • Cheap hydro and -thermal power from large multipurpose projects on river Damodar and river Mahanadi.
  • Cheap labour supply from highly populated areas of Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal.
  • Proximity to the Kolkata region market.
  • Facility of import and export of the raw material and finished goods provided by Kolkata port.
  • Excellent communication facilities by rail and roads to Kolkata region.

(d) Mini steel plants causes less pollution than integrated steel plants. Give reasons.
Answer:
Mini steel plants causes less pollution because Mini Steel plants use electric furnace for processing.

Question 3.
(a) Name the main raw materials used in the petrochemical industry?
Answer:
The main raw materials used in the Petrochemical industry are¬s Naphtha, Ethylene, and Benzene.

(b) How important are petrochemicals?
Answer:
Petrochemicals are very important because these are used for manufacturing a large variety of articles such as synthetic fibres, synthetic rubber, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, plastics, dyestuffs, drugs and pharmaceuticals and insecticides. They are economically stable, cheaper when produced on large scale. Traditional raw materials can be replaced by petrochemical products.

(c) Name the main products of the petrochemicals industry. How have they replaced traditional products?
Answer:
The main products of the petrochemicals industry are-synthetic rubber, synthetic fibres, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, drugs and pharmaceutical products.

Petrochemical products are cost-effective, economically stable, cheaper as produced on a mass scale. Their raw materials are easily available, not dependent on agricultural raw material. For this reason, traditional raw materials such as wood, glass and metals are being replaced by petrochemical products.

(d) The electronic industry has made an impact on both entertainment and education. Justify.
Answer:
The electronic industries developed in India in the 1950s. It began with radio manufacturing and at present has diversified into new areas like space exploration, defence equipments, medical diagnosis, communication, information technology, computer systems. Indian hardware and software is in great demand worldwide.

Question 4.
With reference to Durgapur Steel Plant, answer the following questions.
(a) Why Durgapur was chosen for the iron and steel works?
Answer:
Durgapur was chosen for the iron and steel industry because of the following reasons:

  • Availability of high quality coking coal at nearby Raniganj aid Jharia coalfields. .
  • Iron-ore is obtained from Singhbhum and Keonjhar.
  • Requirements for electricity and water are fulfilled by the Damodar Valley Project

(b) From where does Durgapur Steel Plant get its iron ore and limestone?
Answer:
Durgapur Steel Plant get its iron ore from Keonjhar in Orissa and Singbhum in Jharkhand.
It gets Limestone from Birmitrapur in Sundargarh.

III. Match the industry in Column I with its centre in Column 

I

II

(a) Diesel Locomotives Bhopal
(b) Iron and Steel Varanasi
(c) Heavy Electricals Rourkela
(d) Ship Building Nasik
(e) MIGAircraft Vadodara
(f) Petrochemicals Vishakhapatnam

Answer:

I

II

(a) Diesel Locomotives Varanasi
(b) Iron and Steel Rourkela
(c) Heavy Electricals Bhopal
(d) Ship Building Vishakhapatnam
(e) MIGAircraft Nasik
(f) Petrochemicals Vadodara

IV. Name the following questions:

Name:
(a) A city on the east coast of India which has a shipbuilding yard.
(b) The iron and steel plant set up with German collaboration.
(c) A city which has a plant manufacturing Maruti cars.
(d) A city in India where MIG aircraft are manufactured,
(e) A centre where railway coaches are manufactured.
(f) The foreign collaborator of the iron and steel plant at Durgapur.
Answer:
(a) A city on the coast of India which has a ship buildings yard-Vishakhapatnam.
(b) The iron and steel plant set up with German collaboration – Rourkela.
(c) A city which has a plant manufacturing Maruti cars – Gurgaon, Manesar.
(d) Nasik
(e) Kapurthala (Punjab)
(f) British

ICSE Geography Class 10 Question Bank

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