Check the below ICSE Class 10 Geography Goyal Brothers Solutions Chapter Chapter 18 Waste Generation & Management – Methods of Safe Disposal of Waste with Questions and Answers Pdf free download. Students can also read Waste Generation and Management Class 10 ICSE Solutions.
ICSE Class 10 Geography Goyal Brothers Solutions Chapter 18 Waste Generation & Management – Methods of Safe Disposal of Waste
Question 1.
Why is it necessary to segregate waste at source?
Answer:
It is necessary to segregate waste at source because if the waste is not separated properly at source, it all gets mixed up in landfills. The dangers of this is that they all leak after a period of time, resulting in leachate or toxic soup at the bottom, which can contaminate groundwater and release explosive methane gas.
Question 2.
What precautions should be observed while collecting the waste?
Answer:
Following Precautions should be observed while collecting the waste:
- The Collection bins must be covered so that the waste is not exposed to atmosphere and stray cattle.
- Mannual handling of waste must be avoided so as to prevent people from exposure to dreadful diseases.
- The storage bins must be so designed that handling and transferring of waste into vans or trucks can be done properly.
- Collection of waste must be organised areawise by covered trucks, vans or rickshaws so as to prevent litering on the roads.
- Building materials, debris and demolition waste must be separately collected and disposed of appropriately.
Question 3.
Why should the waste bins be kept covered?
Answer:
The waste bins must be covered so that the waste is not exposed to atmosphere and stray cattle.
Question 4.
Why should manual handling of waste be avoided?
Answer:
Manual handling of waste must be avoided so as to prevent people from exposure to dreadful diseases and infections.
Question 5.
How is waste transferred? What happens if the vehicles used for transporting waste are not covered?
Answer:
Hazardous waste transporters are individuals or entities that move hazardous waste from one site to another by highway, rail, water, or air.
Vehicles used for transfer or transportation of must be especially designed for waste collection.
It should be covered while being transferred to prevent the pollution of environment and spread and litter on the roads.
Question 6.
What are landfills? What factors must be kept in mind while planning a landfill?
Answer:
Landfills –
Landfills are large area on the outskirts of cities where the waste is deposited on or in the ground and covered with earth.
Factors:
- Topography –
Any large area away from the city may be used for the site of a landfill. - Accessibility –
The site of disposal must be located either centrally or near the source of waste generated. - Climate-
The frequency of rainfall, the velocity and direction of prevailing wind and overall temperature-time relationship are factors to be considered at a particular site for landfill.
Question 7.
State the problems associated with landfills.
Answer:
The Problems associated with landfills are:
- The landfills give out a bad odour and affects people living or working nearby.
- A major problem associated with landfills involves the contamination of surrounding water supplies, aquifier and soil by leachate.
- Another serious problem associated with landfill is their creation of explosive methane gas. This gas can leak into the surrounding soil, damaging plants.
Question 8.
What is a leachate? Why is it harmful for soil and water?
Answer:
Leachate:
Leachate is formed when rainwater leaks into the landfill. As the water problems percolates through the landfill, chemical processes turn it acidic. This acidic water then dissolves toxic chemicals from common hazardous waste products such as household cleaners, insect sprays and paints.
The resulting toxic leachate leaks through the bottom and sides of the landfill and contaminates water.
It is associated with landfill is their creation of explosive methane gas. The gas is a by product of chemical processes that occur when bacteria decompose waste. This gas can leak into the surrounding soil and damaging plants.
Question 9.
What is meant by composting?
Answer:
Composting of waste is an aerobic (in the presence of air) method of decomposing solid wastes. The process involves decomposition of organic waste into humus known as compost which is a good fertilizer for plants.
Question 10.
Explain the process of composting in brief.
Answer:
Composting of waste is an aerobic (in the presence of air) method of decomposing solid wastes. The process involves decomposition of organic waste into humus known as compost which is a good fertilizer for plants.
The composting process produces carbon dioxide and heat which can be used for various purposes like cooking. The organic wastes from households are made to undergo decomposition in such a way that bacteria and other micro-organisms break them down and product a safe, clean and soil-like material called compost.
Question 11.
State any three advantages of composting.
Answer:
The major advantages of composting are :
- It enhances soil nutrients and water retention capacity of soils.
- It suppresses plant diseases.
- It rejuvenates poor soils by adding humus.
- It absorbs odours and degrading volatile organic compounds.
- It prevents pollution by preventing pollutants in storm water run-off from draining into water resources.
- It checks soil erosion and silting on embankments.
- It reduces cost by reducing the need for excess water, fertilizers and pesticides.
Goyal Brothers Prakashan Class 10 ICSE Geography Solutions