Check the below ICSE Class 10 Geography Goyal Brothers Solutions Chapter Chapter 14 Manufacturing Industries in India 2: Mineral-based with Questions and Answers Pdf free download. Students can also read Industries in India II: Mineral Based Industries Class 10 ICSE Solutions.
ICSE Class 10 Geography Goyal Brothers Solutions Chapter 14 Manufacturing Industries in India 2: Mineral-based
Question 1.
What does the agricultural machinery consist of?
Answer:
Tractor, combine etc.
Question 2.
When and where was the machine tool industry started?
Answer:
The machine tool industry was started in 1953 at Bangalore.
Question 3.
Where does the Chittaranjan Locomotive industry get its coal and iron-ore?
Answer:
The Chittaranjan Locomotive industry get its coal from Jharia and Raniganj coalfields and iron-ore from the Chhota Nagpur Plateau.
Question 4.
Where is the diesel locomotive works located?
Answer:
The diesel locomotive works located in Varanasi.
Question 5.
Where is the Integrated Coach Factory located? What does it manufacture?
Answer:
The Integrated Coach Factory is located at Perambur near Chennai. It manufactures railway coaches.
Question 6.
What are the by-products of sugar industry.
Answer:
The by-products of sugar industry are:
- Molasses
- Bagasse
- Press mud
Question 7.
What are the by-products of sugar industry used for?
Answer:
The by-products of sugar industry are used for:
- Molasses-used for distilling alcohol.
- Bagasse – used for making cardboard.
- Press mud – used for making wax and shoe polishes.
Question 8.
What comprises the electronic goods?
Answer:
The electronic goods comprising wide range of electronic goods including television sets, transistor sets, telephone exchanges, cellular telecom, paging, computers and varied equipment for defence, railway and meterological department.
Question 9.
How has the software industry developed in the recent past?
Answer:
The development of software industry, in the recent past especially in Bengaluru due to following favourable factors –
- Progressive government policies.
- Readily available world class information technology infrastructure.
- Pleasant and comfortable climate to allow efficient working.
- Innovative global meets held by various companies.
Question 10.
Name the leading software centres of India?
Answer:
- Bengaluru is called the ‘ Silicon Valley of India” due to large number of information technology companies located here.
- Hyderabad is another major software industry centre in Telangana.
Question 11.
Name a few of India’s indigenously built satellites.
Answer:
The India’s indigenously built satellites are:
- Satellite Launching Station at Sriharikota(SHAR)
- Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) at Bengaluru, Karnataka.
- MS Antrix Cooperation, Bengaluru, Kamatka the Department of space was establish in 1992 with access to resources of Indian Space Industry.
Question 12.
What does NRSA stands for? Where is this centre?
Answer:
NRSA stands for National Remote Sensing Agency at Hyderabad.
Question 13.
What are petrochemicals?
Answer:
The organic chemicals derived from petroleum products, LPG and coal are called petrochemicals.
Question 14.
Name its main raw materials used in the petrochemical industry?
Answer:
The main raw materials used in the Petrochemical industry are : Naphtha, Ethylene, and Benzene.
Question 15.
Name the main products of the petrochemical industry.
Answer:
The main products of the petrochemicals industry are-synthetic rubber, synthetic fibres, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, drugs and pharmaceutical products.
Question 16.
How important are petrochemicals?
Answer:
Petrochemicals are very important because these are used for manufacturing a large variety of articles such as synthetic fibres, synthetic rubber, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, plastics, dyestuffs, drugs and pharmaceuticals and insecticides. They are economically stable, cheaper when produced on large scale. Traditional raw materials can be replaced by petrochemical products.
Question 17.
Name a few important petrochemical industries.
Answer:
Two petrochemical industries are:
- The Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited (IPCL), Jawahar Nagar, Vadodara and
- Union Carbide India Limited, Trombay.
Question 18.
(a) Classify industries according to (a) the source of raw material
(b) the size and
(c) the management.
Answer:
(a) Inudstries on basis of source of Raw Material
- Agro Based Industries
e.g. Sugar, Jute, Cotton, veg. oil, food processing - Mineral based Industries
e.g. Iron, steel, cement etc. - Animal based Industries
e.g. Dairy, Poultry, Hides and skin. - Forestry.
(b) the size and
- targe Scale Industries
- Medium Scale Industries
- Small Scale Industries
(c) the Management
- Private Sector Industries
- Public Sector Industries
- Joint Sector Industries
Question 19.
List some mineral-based industries.
Answer:
Mineral – based Industries are:
- Iron and Steel Industries.
- Cement Industries.
- Aluminium Industries.
- Shipbuilding Industries
Question 20.
Name a few important factors that are responsible for the location of, or development of, industries in a particular area.
Answer:
The following factors are responsible for the localisation of manufacturing industries:
- Availability of raw materials.
- Adequate supply of power.
- Water supply.
- Adequate supply of labour and
- Transportation.
Question 21.
What is an integrated steel plant?
Answer:
An integrated steel plant is one where all the three processes from melting of iron in the blast furnace to steel making followed by shaping of the metal by rolling is carried out under one complex.
Question 22.
What are the raw materials needed for the iron and steel industry?
Answer:
The basic raw materials used in iron and steel industry are iron ore, manganese, limestone, silica, chromate, feldspar, scrap iron, flux and fuel.
Question 23.
What are mini-steel plants? What are their advantages?
Answer:
A mini steel plant is a small or medium sized steel plant, which uses electric furnaces and utilize scrap sponge iron as raw materials. At present there are 216 mini-steel plants. The advantages of mini-steel plant is the utilization of waste scrap iron and using electric furnaces to save coking coal and production of alloy steel is promoted.
Question 24.
Name the various steel plants that are located in India. Name their collaborators.
Answer:
The two Iron and Steel plants with foreign collaborators are:
- Bhilai Steel Plant-
Foreign Collaborator is Soviet Union (now Russia) - Rourkela Steel Plant-
Foreign Collaborator is Germany.
Question 25.
From where does Durgapur Steel Plant get its iron ore and limestone?
Answer:
Durgapur Steel Plant get its iron ore from Keonjhar in Orissa and Singbhum in Jharkhand.
It gets Limestone from Birmitrapur in Sundargarh.
Question 26.
Why is iron and steel industry called a key or a basic industry?
Answer:
The largest mineral-based industry in India is Iron and Steel Industry.
It is called a key industry or a basic industry, because of providing iron and steel products for house-building, Utensils, machineries for each and every industry from pin to heavy machineries. So, it is the root of every industry, as every industry needs machinery and tools which are made of iron and steel.
Question 27.
Why are forests grown in and around steel cities?
Answer:
The forested area controls the pollution or environmental pollution brought through steel industries.
Question 28.
Name two iron and steel industries, which have been set up by two different foreign collaborators. Also, name the regions from where coal and iron ore are obtained by the two steel plants named by you.
Answer:
The deficient iron and steel industries that have been set up by two different foreign collaborators are: Bhilai Steel Plant, Durgapur Steel Plant, Rourkela Steel Plant, and Bokaro Steel Plant.
Bhilai Steel Plant: Russia
Rourkela Steel Plant: West Germany (now Germany) Durgapur
Steel Plant: British
Bokaro Plant: Russia
Bhilai Steel Plant gets its coal from Korba, and iron ore from Dalli Rajhara Range, Rourkela Steel Plant gets its coal from Jharia, Talchar, Korba, and iron ore from Bonaigarh, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar, Durgapur Steel Plant gets its coal from Jharia, Raniganj, and iron ore from Singhbhum, Keoojhar, Bokaro Steel Plant gets its coal from Jharia, and iron ore from Kiribum, Bonai range, Bursua, Noamundi.
Question 29.
With reference to the Iron and Steel plant located at Jamshedpur, answer the following questions:
(a) From where does the plant get its iron ore?
(b) Which river provides water to the township?
(c) Name the States that provide its labour force.
(d) Which seaport serves the region?
Answer:
(a) Iron and Steel plant of Jamshedpur gets its iron ore from the districts of Singhbhum, Mayurbhanj, and Bonai in Orissa.
(b) It gets its water from the river Subamarekha.
(c) Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh States supply labour.
(d) Kolkata port serves the entire region.
Question 30.
Where is the latest integrated Iron and Steel Plant of India located?
Answer:
Vishakhapatnam steel plant is the latest integrated iron and steel plant which was completed in 1992.
Question 31.
What two advantages do the Vishakhapatnam steel plant have over the other steel plants in the public sector?
Answer:
Two advantages of Vishakhapatnam Steel Plant, over the other Steel Plants are:
- It is a major export oriented steel plant and takes Ml advantage of its coastal location.
- It is the second largest producer of iron and steel in the country.
Question 32.
Which is the largest mineral-based industry in India? Why is it called a key or basic industry?
Answer:
The largest mineral-based industry in India is Iron and Steel Industry.
It is called a key industry or basic industry, because of providing iron and steel products for house-building, utensils, machineries for each and every industry from pin to heavy machineries. So, it is the root of every industry, as every industry needs machinery and tools which are made of iron and steel.
Question 33.
Why is this industry concentrated in the Chhotanagpur region? Which is the oldest and privately owned plant?
Answer:
This industry is concentrated in the Chhotanagpur region because of the following factors:
- Availability of coal from Damodar Valley.
- Availability of iron ore from Singhbhum and other mines.
- Cheap hydro and thermal power from large multipurpose projects on river Damodar and river Mahanadi.
- Cheap labour supply from highly populated areas of Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal.
- Proximity to the Kolkata region market.
- Facility of import and export of the raw material and finished goods provided by Kolkata port.
- Excellent communication facilities by rail and roads to Kolkata region.
Tata iron and steel company is the oldest and privately owned plant.
Question 34.
Name four large-scale industries dependent on this industry.
Answer:
Four large-scale industries dependent on iron and steel industry:
- Automobile industry,
- Ship Building industry,
- Machine tool industry, and
- Railway Locomotive industry.
Question 35.
Give reason-
(a) The iron and steel industry forms the backbone of India economy.
Answer:
Iron and steel industry is the key element in the heavy industrial structure of a nation.
It is often called the basic industry and forms the backbone of the industrial economy because of most of the important industries such as automobile, locomotives, rail tracks, ship building, machine and tools and manufacture of defence equipment depend on iron and steel industry.
(b) The software has emerged as a major industry in India.
Answer:
Bengaluru has become the most important software and hardware centre of India and rightly won the reputation of being the information technology capital of India
Following are die reasons mentioned below:
(i) Cost –
The biggest factor that contributes to the ever-rising software outsourcing from India is cost-cutting. Global companies save considerable amounts by outsourcing to India. Salaries of software professionals in India are one-tenth of what is being paid in UK and US. Though salaries do fluctuate depending upon the living cost of index of different cities and set of skills, still it is far lesser as compared to the developed nations.
(ii) Well-versed in English language –
Since English is our international language but still there are nations which are not familiar with the usage of it. Therefore, it becomes difficult to trade with such countries. India happens to be the ideal place as half of the population is well-versed with English which makes it easier for the other nations to interact and outsource their business operations to the country. Moreover, nation has abundance of educated and skilled workforce.
(iii) Technologically sound –
Another reason that has brought big chunk of software outsourcing business to India is that the professionals of the country are technologically sound and big time tech-sawy. The experts here have in-depth knowledge of their fields and extend logical reasoning while developing creative softwares.
(c) Traditional raw material have been replaced by petrochemical products.
Answer:
Petrochemical products are cost-effective, economically stable, cheaper as produced on a mass scale. Their raw materials are easily available, not dependent on agricultural raw material. For this reason, traditional raw materials such as wood, glass and metals are being replaced by petrochemical products.
Goyal Brothers Prakashan Class 10 ICSE Geography Solutions