A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions Chapter 15 Fundamental Rights and Duties.

A New Combined Text Book of History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions (D.N Kundra, Goyal Brothers Prakashan)

These Solutions are part of A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions. Here we have given. A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions Chapter 15 Fundamental Rights and Duties.

1. Answer the following questions in 30-40 words each :

Question 1.
What do you understand by the Fundamental Rights ?
Answer:
The basic human rights which every human being has a right to enjoy are called Fundamental Rights. They are essential for the balanced growth of a citizen. They are guaranteed by the Constitution. Therefore, all people irrespective of caste, creed or religious belief can go to the court of law for its enforcement.

Question 2.
Why are the Fundamental Rights important to us ?
Answer:
The Fundamental Rights have great importance.

  1. They play a great part in the all round development of the individual by ensuring all such freedoms which make his Site happy and worth living.
  2. A person enjoys these rights irrespective of caste or creed. As such, they provide equality of status and opportunity to every citizen.
  3. They protect him from any exploitation on the part of the state or any individual.

Question 3.
Make a list of Fundamental Rights guaranteed to the citizens of India.
Answer:

  1. Right to Equality
  2. Right to Freedom
  3. Right against exploitation.
  4. Right to Freedom of Religion.
  5. Cultural and Educational Rights.
  6. Right to Consitutional Remedies.

Question 4.
Name any three freedoms guaranteed to the citizens of India.
Answer:
Our Constitution has guaranteed various kinds of individual and collective freedoms to the citizens of India. Three such Rights to Freedom are:

  1. Right to freedom of speech and expression.
  2. Right to assemble peacefully and without arms.
  3. Right to move freely throughout the terrritory of India.

Question 5.
If a person practices untouchability, what punishment can be awarded to him ?
Answer:
Practicing untouchability is an offence punishable by law. Six months imprisonment can be given to a person who practices untouchability as it means violating the ‘Right to Equality’ which is our fundamental right.

Question 6.
If the Government tries to interfere in your Fundamental Rights, what can be done ?
Answer:
A citizen is entitled to move the Supreme Court, any of the High Courts or any other court authorized by the Parliament if the Government tries to interfere in his Fundamental Rights. This is because the Constitution of India confers upon the citizens of India the Right to Constitutional Remedies

Question 7.
Write any three Fundamental Duties of the Indian citizens.
Answer:
The Fundamental duties require the citizens to :

  1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institution, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
  2. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, integrity and unity of India.
  3. To defend the country and render national service when required.

II. Answer the following questions in 80-100 words each :

Question 1.
Explain clearly what is meant by Cultural and Educational Rights.
Answer:
India is a land of diverse religions, languages and culture. To maintain unity many cultural and educational rights have been given :

  1. Any community can safeguard its culture, language and script.
  2. There is no discrimination on the basis of religion at the time of admission to state or state aided institutions.
  3. All sects and minorities in the country have been granted the right to preserve or develop their culture.

Question 2.
What do you mean by the Right to Freedom of Religion ?Mention any three freedoms enjoyed by the citizens of India.
Answer:
Freedom is the very essence of democracy. By giving the Right to Freedom of Religion, the Constitution makes it clear that all religions are equal before the state and no religion is superior or inferior. According to this right, an individual is allowed :

  1. to follow any religion of his choice.
  2. to practice it according to his specific ways.
  3. to preach it.

Other three freedoms enjoyed by the citizens of India are :

  1. freedom of speech and expression.
  2. freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
  3. freedom to reside or settle in any part of the country of India.

Question 3.
Explain briefly what you understand by the Right to Equality.
Answer:
Right to Equality is an important fundamental right. It guarantees that all citizens of India will be treated equally irrespective of caste, creed or sex.

  1. It guarantees ‘equality before law’ which means that all citizens will be equally protected by laws of the country.
  2. Article 16 guarantees that there would be no discrimin on against anyone in matters relating to employmc or appointment to any government office.
  3. To keep everyone at par, Article 18 abolishes a military and academic ones.
  4. Practicing of untouchability in any form has been made a punishable offence by law.

Question 4.
What is the meaning of ‘Right to Constitutional Remedies’?
Answer:
The Right of Constitutional Remedies is a very special right. This gives every citizen a right to move the Supreme Court or High Court if his Fundamental rights are violated by the state, a person or a body of persons. Infact the Right to Constitutional Remedies is so important because it is the only right which guarantees the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Without this right all other rights would have become meaningless.

Question 5.
‘Rights imply Duties’. Discuss.
Answer:
‘Rights imply Duties’ means that rights and duties go hand in hand. If one hopes to enjoy rights, then he must perform certain duties. Rights and Duties are two sides of the same coin. Every right carries with it a duty.
For example, if a person has a right to follow any religion, it is his duty to allow others to follow their own religion.
Fundamental duties have been laid down by our Constitution to make every citizen realize that if they are given Fundamental Rights, they must also perform certain duties. To promote harmony and to strengthen our nation it is necessary to realise the importance of these duties which are attached to every right which we enjoy.

III. Tick (✓) mark the right statements and (✗) mark the wrong ones :

  1. We all should respect our National Flag. (✓)
  2. We are not bound to preserve the rich heritage of our country, (✗)
  3. Our Constitution has abolished titles like ‘Rai Sahib’ or‘Khan Bahadur’. (✓)
  4. The age old caste system has caused the problem of untouchability.(✓)

Additional Questions :

Question 1.
Why are these rights called ‘Fundamental’ ?
Answer:

  1. These rights are called fundamental because they are basic human rights which every human being has a right to enjoy. They are called fundamental because
  2. They are essential for the harmonious and balanced growth of a citizen.
  3.  All citizens irrespective of caste, creed or religious belief can go to the court of law for the enforcement of these rights.
  4. They give an individual right to protect themselves from any kind of exploitation.
  5. They are called fundamental because they are guaranteed by the constitution and lead to the making of responsible citizens.

Question 2.
Mention any two exceptions to the Right to equality.
Answer:
Though the constitution guarantees that there would be no discrimination against any citizen and all would enjoy the ‘right to equality’ there are a few exceptional provisions too.

  1. The Constitution provides special provisions in the form of reserve posts for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.
  2. It makes provisions for the upliftment of economically backward sections of the society.

Question 3.
Write a note on ‘Right against Exploitation’.
Answer:
Right against exploitation is a ‘ legal weapon’ which protects people from being exploited by others. Bonded labour, buying and selling of human beings, flesh trade are all gross violations of this right. It also forbids children below the age of 14 years from being employed in dangerous jobs. On violation of this right, one can move the court and obtain justice.

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