A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions Chapter 13 The State Executive.

A New Combined Text Book of History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions (D.N Kundra, Goyal Brothers Prakashan)

These Solutions are part of A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions. Here we have given. A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions Chapter 13 The State Executive.


I. Answer the following questions in 30-40 words each :

Question 1.
Mention the basic qualifications of a person to be appointed as the Governor of a State.
Answer:
The basic qualifications of a person to be appointed as the Governor of a state are :
He should be

  1. a citizen of India.
  2. mentally and physically sound.
  3. of thirty five years of age.
  4. should not be a proclaimed offender.

Question 2.
When can a Governor issue an Ordinance ? Why is it regarded as a temporary measure ?
Answer:
The Governor can issue an Ordinance during the recess of the State Legislature.
It is regarded as a temporary measure, because such ordinances must be ratified by the State Legislature within six weeks from the date of the beginning of its next session or they die of their own accord.

Question 3.
How is the Council of Ministers in a state constituted ? What is its term of office ?
Answer:
The Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister. The leader of the majority party in the Vidhan Sabha is appointed as the Chief Minister of the State by the Governor of the State. Then the other ministers are selected by the Chief Minister. There are three categories of Ministers. They are

  1. Cabinet Ministers
  2. Ministers of state and
  3. Deputy Ministers.
    All of them together constitute the Council of Ministers.

Normally the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers are appointed till the life of the Vidhan Sabha of which they are the members. In case of death of a Chief Minister or his resignation from his post, the whole Council of Ministers ceases to exist.

II. Answer the following questions In 80-100 words each :

Question 1.
What are the Chief functions of the Governor ?
Answer:
The Governor is the executive head of the State. As such he performs many functions:

  1. He appoints the Chief Minister and other ministers on the advice of the Chief Minister.
  2. He also appoints high officials like the Advocate General, the Chairman and the members of the State Public Service Commission.
  3. He is consulted by the President of India for the appointment of Judges of High court.

The Governor is an integral part of State Legislature. As such he performs the following functions:

  1. No Bill can become a law without his assent.
  2. He summons, adjourns and prorogues the sessions of the state legislature.
  3. He can dissolve the State Legislative Assembly.
  4. He can promulgate ordinances during the recess of the State Legislature.

Other functions performed by the Governor are as follows :

  1. Budget or a Money Bill cannot be proposed or passed without his assent.
  2. He can grant pardon or reduce the punishment on the advice of Chief Minister or the Council of Ministers.
  3. In case of emergency, the Governor practically runs the State Government.

Question 2.
What are the discretionary powers of the Governor ?
Answer:
The Governor enjoys certain discretionary powers. They are :

  1. When no political party gets a clear majority in the Legislative Assembly, it is the discretionary power of the Governor to decide whom to make the Chief Minister so as to give a stable government to the state.
  2. The Governor can report to the President about the failure of the State Constitutional machinery. On this report of his, President rule is imposed in the State.
  3. It is his free will to return a Bill for reconsideration to the Legislature or to reserve some Bills for the approval of the President.

Question 3.
Why is the office of the Chief Minister so important in the organisation of the State Government ?
Answer:
The Chief Minister holds a key position in the state administration He is the leader of the majority party in the Vidhan Sabha and is appointed by Governor of the State. Like the President of India, the Governor has no choice of his own in this matter. Though the State Council of Ministers are appointed by the Governor, it is the Chief Minister who makes a selection of his colleagues. The Chief Minister also enjoys vast powers like the formation of the Council of Ministers, distribution of departments to the ministers. He is the leader of the Vidhan Sabha and is the chief spokesman of the Government. As such, the Chief Minister is the real authority in the state and the captain of the ship in the state.

Question 4.
What are the duties and powers of a Chief Minister ?
Answer:
The duties of the Chief Minister are same as Prime Minister of India at the Center. He also enjoys all the real powers in the state.

  1. He occupies a significant position in the formation of the Cabinet.
  2. He can ask for the resignation of any Minister.
  3. He presides over the meetings of the Cabinet and distributes the departments to his Minister as he wishes.
  4. In the State Legislature, he is the leader of the Vidhan Sabha.
  5. He is the prime spokesman of the Government.
    Infact, so long as the Chief Minister enjoys the confidence of the State Legislature, he is the master of his state.

III. Complete the statements :

  1. The Governor is appointed by the President.
  2. The Governor can issue ordinances during the recess of the State Legislature.
  3. In Emergency, the Governor can override the advice of the Chief Minister.
  4. Ordinances must be ratified by State Legislature or they will die of their own accord.
  5. The Chief Minister presides over the meetings of his Cabinet.

Additional Questions :

Question 1.
What is the pay and allowance given to the Governor ?
Answer:
The Governor of a state is paid Rs. 36000 a month plus a number of allowances. He is entitled to the Raj Bhavan, the official residence of the Governor, fully furnished with all the household servants free of charge.

Question 2.
Why is it said that all the ministers ‘swim and sink together’ ?
Answer:
This is said because a vote of no confidence passed against any one minister is regarded as a vote of no-confidence against all ministers and they all have to resign. The Ministers are collectively responsible to the State Legislature for their acts of omission and commission. If a Chief Minister resigns it is regarded as the resignation of all the Ministers.

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