A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions Chapter 11 The State Legislature.

A New Combined Text Book of History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions (D.N Kundra, Goyal Brothers Prakashan)

These Solutions are part of A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions. Here we have given. A New Combined History & Civics for Class 7 ICSE Solutions Chapter 11 The State Legislature.

I. Answer the following questions in 30-40 words each :
Question 1.
What is Bicameral Legislature ? Name any two States in India that have Bicameral Legislatures.
Answer:
The Legislatures having two houses i.e. Vidhan Sabha (or Legislative Assembly) and Vidhan Parishad (or Legislative Council) are called Bicameral Legislature. Jammu and Kashmir and Maharastra have Bicameral Legislature.

Question 2.
Name three States having only one House of Legislature.
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh, Bengal, Kerala, have only one House of Legislature.

II. Answer the following questions in 80-100 words each :
Question 1.
How is the Vidhan Parishad or the Legislative Council of a State Constituted ?
Answer:
The Legislative Council is the Upper House of the State Legislature. Membership of the Legislative council is fixed at one third of the membership of the Legislative Assembly of the state concerned but it cannot be less than 40.
The members of the Legislative council are elected indirectly by elected representatives.

  1.  One third members are elected by members of Legislative Assembly.
  2. One third members are elected by local government bodies like the Zila Parishad, the Municipalities and the Municipal Corporations.
  3. One twelfth of the members are elected by university graduates.
    One twelfth of the members are elected by teachers of secondary schools, colleges and universities.
  4. The Vidhan Parishad or the Legislative council elects one of the members as a Chairman and another as Deputy Chairman to preside over the meetings.

Question 2.
What are the limitations of the authority of the State Legislatures ?
Answer:
Though the procedure and powers of the State Legislatures are more or less similar to those of the Parliament, yet the State Legislature has certain limitations. A provision has been made in the Constitution that if the Governor feels that a law passed by the State Legislature may prove deterimental to the national unity or is against the larger interests of the country, he can withhold his assent to such a bill and send it to the President. If the President rejects it, it is regarded as dead once for all. This position applies to all the subjects of the State List as well as the Concurrent List.

Question 3.
Compare and constrast the composition and powers of the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council.
Answer:
The Vidhan Sabha of a state can have a maximum membership of 500 and minimum of 60 persons. This number is fixed by the Parliament in proportion to the population of the state concerned.The Vidhan Parishad or Legislative Council should not be more than  1/3  of the total membership of the Legislative Assembly subject to a minimum of 40 members.
The Vidhan Parishad has got a secondary position as compared to Vidhan Sabha. In matters of exercising control over the State Government, the Vidhan Parishad has little say in toppling the Government. A Money Bill can be initiated only in the Vidhan Sabha whereas an Ordinary Bill can be initiated in either of the two Houses- The Vidhan Parishad has a temporary power to delay it for three months in the first instance and for one month in the second time,
Vidhan Sabha can abolish an existing Vidhan Parishad by passing 2/3 majority against it.

III. Fill in the blanks :

  1. The maximum strength of a Vidhan Sabha is 500.
  2. The minimum strength of a Vidhan Parishad is 60.
  3. 2 of the members of the Legislative council are nominated by the governor.
  4. The Money Bills in the State Legislature are introduced in the Vidhan Sabha.
  5. The Speaker presides over the meetings of the Legislative Assembly.

Additional Questions :
Question 1.
What are the various functions performed by the speaker of the Vidhan Sabha ?
Answer:
The Speaker of the Vidhan Sabha performs many functions. Some of them are the following :

  1. He presides over the meetings of the Legislative Assembly.
  2. Resolutions or bills can be passed only with his permission.
  3. It is he who allows time to members to speak in the Vidhan Sabha.
  4.  He controls the Vidhan Sabha or the Legislative Assembly.
  5. He maintains discipline and decorum in the Vidhan Sabha.
  6. He decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not.
  7. He calls for vote on bills as well as on other motions.
  8. He has the power to adjourn the meetings of the Vidhan Sabha.

Question 2.
What are the Legislative functions of the State Legislature ?
Answer:

  1. The state makes laws on 66 subjects mentioned in the State List.
  2. It can also make laws on the 47 subjects mentioned in the Concurrent List.
  3. Any ordinance issued by the State Governor, when the State Legislature is not in session is considered by it when it is in session.
  4. Certain amendments made in the Constitution are also ratified by the State Legislatures.

Question 3.
What are the non-legislative functions of the State Legislature ?
Answer:

  1. Different members of the State Legislature can ask questions and the same are to be answered by the Council of Ministers.
  2. It can move a vote Of no-confidence against the Government.
  3. It can also move adjournment motions and censure motions against the Council of Ministers.

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